How do you design for a large catalogue?

Filters and search carry it, not navigation. Past a few hundred products, a menu structure becomes a way to hide things rather than a way to find them.

In more detail

The filters that matter are the ones customers actually decide on — size, price, availability, delivery speed. Filtering by attributes the buyer does not think in adds clicks without adding a path.

What to do about it

Consistency beats cleverness. A customer learns your store once, and every screen that behaves differently costs them.

The photograph is usually the product page. Everything else is supporting it.

Most design decisions on a store are really navigation decisions, and navigation is what decides whether somebody finds the thing they came for.

The mobile app angle

The same screen designed several ways is the point: a catalogue of four hundred lines needs a different home screen from one of forty.